If snoring is habitual or accompanied by unrefreshing sleep, the most appropriate investigation to determine whether OSA is present is a sleep study — either a full polysomnography (carried out in a sleep laboratory) or a home-based cardiorespiratory test, depending on specialist recommendation. These tests measure breathing patterns, oxygen levels and sleep quality, and allow clinicians to distinguish between simple snoring and OSA. Based on the results, the most appropriate management pathway can be determined — whether that involves addressing lifestyle risk factors, specific therapies, or a functional assessment of the upper airway anatomy.